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JOSEPHUS·NEW TESTAMENT TOUCHPOINTS

John the Baptist

MATTHEW 14:1-12; MARK 6:14-29  ·  ANT. 18.5.2

Josephus describes John as a good man who taught the Jews to practice virtue and come to baptism, whose crowds alarmed Herod Antipas, and whom Herod imprisoned at Machaerus and executed. He adds that the Jews took Herod's later defeat by Aretas as God's judgment for John's death. Josephus gives the political reason; the Gospels give the personal one, Herodias and the dance. The two accounts share Herod, the prison, and the killing.

KING JAMES VERSION

MATTHEW 14

1At that season Herod the tetrarch heard the report concerning Jesus,

1At that time Herod the tetrarch heard the reports about Jesus

1At that time Herod the tetrarch heard of the fame of Jesus,

1At that time Herod the Tetrarche heard of the fame of Iesus,

1At that time Herod the tetrarch heard of the fame of Jesus,

1At that time, Herod the tetrarch heard the report concerning Jesus,

1At that time did Herod the tetrarch hear the fame of Jesus,

2and said unto his servants, This is John the Baptist; he is risen from the dead; and therefore do these powers work in him.

2and said to his servants, “This is John the Baptist; he has risen from the dead! That is why miraculous powers are at work in him.”

2and said to his servants, This is John the baptist: he is risen from the dead, and because of this these works of power display their force in him.

2And sayde vnto his seruaunts, This is that Iohn Baptist, hee is risen againe from the deade, and therefore great woorkes are wrought by him.

2And said unto his servants, This is John the Baptist; he is risen from the dead; and therefore mighty works do shew forth themselves in him.

2and said to his servants, “This is John the Baptizer. He is risen from the dead. That is why these powers work in him.”

2and said to his servants, `This is John the Baptist, he did rise from the dead, and because of this the mighty energies are working in him.'

3For Herod had laid hold on John, and bound him, and put him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife.

3Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison on account of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife,

3For Herod had seized John, and had bound him and put him in prison on account of Herodias the wife of Philip his brother.

3For Herod had taken Iohn, and bounde him, and put him in prison for Herodias sake, his brother Philips wife.

3For Herod had laid hold on John, and bound him, and put him in prison for Herodias’ sake, his brother Philip’s wife.

3For Herod had laid hold of John, and bound him, and put him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife.

3For Herod having laid hold on John, did bind him, and did put him in prison, because of Herodias his brother Philip's wife,

4For John said unto him, It is not lawful for thee to have her.

4because John had been telling him, “It is not lawful for you to have her.”

4For John said to him, It is not lawful for thee to have her.

4For Iohn saide vnto him, It is not lawfull for thee to haue her.

4For John said unto him, It is not lawful for thee to have her.

4For John said to him, “It is not lawful for you to have her.”

4for John was saying to him, `It is not lawful to thee to have her,'

5And when he would have put him to death, he feared the multitude, because they counted him as a prophet.

5Although Herod wanted to kill John, he was afraid of the people, because they regarded John as a prophet.

5And [while] desiring to kill him, he feared the crowd, because they held him for a prophet.

5And when hee woulde haue put him to death, hee feared the multitude, because they counted him as a Prophet.

5And when he would have put him to death, he feared the multitude, because they counted him as a prophet.

5When he would have put him to death, he feared the multitude, because they counted him as a prophet.

5and, willing to kill him, he feared the multitude, because as a prophet they were holding him.

6But when Herod’s birthday came, the daughter of Herodias danced in the midst, and pleased Herod.

6On Herod’s birthday, however, the daughter of Herodias danced before them and pleased Herod

6But when Herod's birthday was celebrated, the daughter of Herodias danced before them, and pleased Herod;

6But when Herods birth day was kept, the daughter of Herodias daunced before them, and pleased Herod.

6But when Herod’s birthday was kept, the daughter of Herodias danced before them, and pleased Herod.

6But when Herod’s birthday came, the daughter of Herodias danced among them and pleased Herod.

6But the birthday of Herod being kept, the daughter of Herodias danced in the midst, and did please Herod,

7Whereupon he promised with an oath to give her whatsoever she should ask.

7so much that he promised with an oath to give to her whatever she asked.

7whereupon he promised with oath to give her whatsoever she should ask.

7Wherefore he promised with an othe, that he would giue her whatsoeuer she would aske.

7Whereupon he promised with an oath to give her whatsoever she would ask.

7Whereupon he promised with an oath to give her whatever she should ask.

7whereupon with an oath he professed to give her whatever she might ask.

8And she, being put forward by her mother, saith, Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist.

8Prompted by her mother, she said, “Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist.”

8But she, being set on by her mother, says, Give me here upon a dish the head of John the baptist.

8And shee being before instructed of her mother, sayde, Giue mee here Iohn Baptists head in a platter.

8And she, being before instructed of her mother, said, Give me here John Baptist’s head in a charger.

8She, being prompted by her mother, said, “Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptizer.”

8And she having been instigated by her mother--`Give me (says she) here upon a plate the head of John the Baptist;

9And the king was grieved; but for the sake of his oaths, and of them that sat at meat with him, he commanded it to be given;

9The king was grieved, but because of his oaths and his guests, he ordered that her wish be granted

9And the king was grieved; but on account of the oaths, and those lying at table with [him], he commanded [it] to be given.

9And the King was sorie: neuerthelesse because of the othe, and them that sate with him at the table, he commanded it to be giuen her,

9And the king was sorry: nevertheless for the oath’s sake, and them which sat with him at meat, he commanded it to be given her.

9The king was grieved, but for the sake of his oaths, and of those who sat at the table with him, he commanded it to be given,

9and the king was grieved, but because of the oaths and of those reclining with him, he commanded <FI>it<Fi> to be given;

10and he sent and beheaded John in the prison.

10and sent to have John beheaded in the prison.

10And he sent and beheaded John in the prison;

10And sent, and beheaded Iohn in the prison.

10And he sent, and beheaded John in the prison.

10and he sent and beheaded John in the prison.

10and having sent, he beheaded John in the prison,

11And his head was brought on a platter, and given to the damsel: and she brought it to her mother.

11John’s head was brought in on a platter and presented to the girl, who carried it to her mother.

11and his head was brought upon a dish, and was given to the damsel, and she carried [it] to her mother.

11And his head was brought in a platter, and giuen to the maide, and shee brought it vnto her mother.

11And his head was brought in a charger, and given to the damsel: and she brought it to her mother.

11His head was brought on a platter, and given to the young lady: and she brought it to her mother.

11and his head was brought upon a plate, and was given to the damsel, and she brought <FI>it<Fi> nigh to her mother.

12And his disciples came, and took up the corpse, and buried him; and they went and told Jesus.

12Then John’s disciples came and took his body and buried it. And they went and informed Jesus.

12And his disciples came and took the body and buried it, and came and brought word to Jesus.

12And his disciples came, and tooke vp the bodie, and buried it, and went, and tolde Iesus.

12And his disciples came, and took up the body, and buried it, and went and told Jesus.

12His disciples came, and took the body, and buried it; and they went and told Jesus.

12And his disciples having come, took up the body, and buried it, and having come, they told Jesus,

MARK 6

14And king Herod heardthereof; for his name had become known: and he said, John the Baptizer is risen from the dead, and therefore do these powers work in him.

14Now King Herod heard about this, for Jesus’ name had become well known, and people were saying, “John the Baptist has risen from the dead! That is why miraculous powers are at work in him.”

14And Herod the king heard [of him] (for his name had become public), and said, John the baptist is risen from among [the] dead, and on this account works of power are wrought by him.

14Then King Herod heard of him (for his name was made manifest) and sayd, Iohn Baptist is risen againe from the dead, and therefore great workes are wrought by him.

14And king Herod heard of him; (for his name was spread abroad:) and he said, That John the Baptist was risen from the dead, and therefore mighty works do shew forth themselves in him.

14King Herod heard this, for his name had become known, and he said, “John the Baptizer has risen from the dead, and therefore these powers are at work in him.”

14And the king Herod heard, (for his name became public,) and he said--`John the Baptist out of the dead was raised, and because of this the mighty powers are working in him.'

15But others said, It is Elijah. And others said, It is a prophet, even as one of the prophets.

15Others were saying, “He is Elijah,” and still others, “He is a prophet, like one of the prophets of old.”

15And others said, It is Elias; and others said, It is a prophet, as one of the prophets.

15Other sayd, It is Elias, and some sayd, It is a Prophet, or as one of those Prophets.

15Others said, That it is Elias. And others said, That it is a prophet, or as one of the prophets.

15But others said, “He is Elijah.” Others said, “He is a prophet, or like one of the prophets.”

15Others said--`It is Elijah,' and others said--`It is a prophet, or as one of the prophets.'

16But Herod, when he heard thereof, said, John, whom I beheaded, he is risen.

16But when Herod heard this, he said, “John, whom I beheaded, has risen from the dead!”

16But Herod when he heard [it] said, John whom I beheaded, he it is; he is risen [from among the dead].

16So when Herod heard it, he said, It is Iohn whom I beheaded: he is risen from the dead.

16But when Herod heard thereof, he said, It is John, whom I beheaded: he is risen from the dead.

16But Herod, when he heard this, said, “This is John, whom I beheaded. He has risen from the dead.”

16And Herod having heard, said--`He whom I did behead--John--this is he; he was raised out of the dead.'

17For Herod himself had sent forth and laid hold upon John, and bound him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife; for he had married her.

17For Herod himself had ordered that John be arrested and bound and imprisoned, on account of his brother Philip’s wife Herodias, whom Herod had married.

17For the same Herod had sent and seized John, and had bound him in prison on account of Herodias, the wife of Philip his brother, because he had married her.

17For Herod him selfe had sent forth, and had taken Iohn, and bound him in prison for Herodias sake, which was his brother Philippes wife, because he had maried her.

17For Herod himself had sent forth and laid hold upon John, and bound him in prison for Herodias’ sake, his brother Philip’s wife: for he had married her.

17For Herod himself had sent out and arrested John, and bound him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife, for he had married her.

17For Herod himself, having sent forth, did lay hold on John, and bound him in the prison, because of Herodias the wife of Philip his brother, because he married her,

18For John said unto Herod, It is not lawful for thee to have thy brother’s wife.

18For John had been telling Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother’s wife!”

18For John said to Herod, It is not lawful for thee to have the wife of thy brother.

18For Iohn sayd vnto Herod, It is not lawfull for thee to haue thy brothers wife.

18For John had said unto Herod, It is not lawful for thee to have thy brother’s wife.

18For John said to Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother’s wife.”

18for John said to Herod--`It is not lawful to thee to have the wife of thy brother;'

19And Herodias set herself against him, and desired to kill him; and she could not;

19So Herodias held a grudge against John and wanted to kill him. But she had been unable,

19But Herodias kept it [in her mind] against him, and wished to kill him, and could not:

19Therefore Herodias layd waite against him, and would haue killed him, but she could not:

19Therefore Herodias had a quarrel against him, and would have killed him; but she could not:

19Herodias set herself against him, and desired to kill him, but she couldn’t,

19and Herodias was having a quarrel with him, and was willing to kill him, and was not able,

20for Herod feared John, knowing that he was a righteous and holy man, and kept him safe. And when he heard him, he was much perplexed; and he heard him gladly.

20because Herod feared John and protected him, knowing that he was a righteous and holy man. When he heard John’s words, he was greatly perplexed; yet he listened to him gladly.

20for Herod feared John knowing that he was a just and holy man, and kept him safe; and having heard him, did many things, and heard him gladly.

20For Herod feared Iohn, knowing that hee was a iust man, and an holy, and reuerenced him, and when he heard him, he did many things, and heard him gladly.

20For Herod feared John, knowing that he was a just man and an holy, and observed him; and when he heard him, he did many things, and heard him gladly.

20for Herod feared John, knowing that he was a righteous and holy man, and kept him safe. When he heard him, he did many things, and he heard him gladly.

20for Herod was fearing John, knowing him a man righteous and holy, and was keeping watch over him, and having heard him, was doing many things, and hearing him gladly.

21And when a convenient day was come, that Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords, and the high captains, and the chief men of Galilee;

21On Herod’s birthday, her opportunity arose. Herod held a banquet for his nobles and military commanders and the leading men of Galilee.

21And a holiday being come, when Herod, on his birthday, made a supper to his grandees, and to the chiliarchs, and the chief [men] of Galilee;

21But the time being conuenient, when Herod on his birth day made a banket to his princes and captaines, and chiefe estates of Galile:

21And when a convenient day was come, that Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords, high captains, and chief estates of Galilee;

21Then a convenient day came, that Herod on his birthday made a supper for his nobles, the high officers, and the chief men of Galilee.

21And a seasonable day having come, when Herod on his birthday was making a supper to his great men, and to the chiefs of thousands, and to the first men of Galilee,

22and when the daughter of Herodias herself came in and danced, she pleased Herod and them that sat at meat with him; and the king said unto the damsel, Ask of me whatsoever thou wilt, and I will give it thee.

22When the daughter of Herodias came and danced, she pleased Herod and his guests, and the king said to the girl, “Ask me for whatever you wish, and I will give it to you.”

22and the daughter of the same Herodias having come in, and danced, pleased Herod and those that were with [him] at table; and the king said to the damsel, Ask of me whatsoever thou wilt and I will give it thee.

22And the daughter of the same Herodias came in, and daunced, and pleased Herod, and them that sate at table together, the King sayd vnto the mayde, Aske of me what thou wilt, and I will giue it thee.

22And when the daughter of the said Herodias came in, and danced, and pleased Herod and them that sat with him, the king said unto the damsel, Ask of me whatsoever thou wilt, and I will give it thee.

22When the daughter of Herodias herself came in and danced, she pleased Herod and those sitting with him. The king said to the young lady, “Ask me whatever you want, and I will give it to you.”

22and the daughter of that Herodias having come in, and having danced, and having pleased Herod and those reclining (at meat) with him, the king said to the damsel, `Ask of me whatever thou wilt, and I will give to thee,'

23And he sware unto her, Whatsoever thou shalt ask of me, I will give it thee, unto the half of my kingdom.

23And he swore to her, “Whatever you ask of me, I will give you, up to half my kingdom!”

23And he swore to her, Whatsoever thou shalt ask me I will give thee, to half of my kingdom.

23And he sware vnto her, Whatsoeuer thou shalt aske of me, I will giue it thee, euen vnto the halfe of my kingdome.

23And he sware unto her, Whatsoever thou shalt ask of me, I will give it thee, unto the half of my kingdom.

23He swore to her, “Whatever you shall ask of me, I will give you, up to half of my kingdom.”

23and he sware to her--`Whatever thou mayest ask me, I will give to thee--unto the half of my kingdom.'

24And she went out, and said unto her mother, What shall I ask? And she said, The head of John the Baptizer.

24Then she went out and asked her mother, “What should I request?” And her mother answered, “The head of John the Baptist.”

24And she went out, and said to her mother, What should I ask? And she said, The head of John the baptist.

24So she went forth, and said to her mother, What shall I aske? And she said, Iohn Baptists head.

24And she went forth, and said unto her mother, What shall I ask? And she said, The head of John the Baptist.

24She went out, and said to her mother, “What shall I ask?” She said, “The head of John the Baptizer.”

24And she, having gone forth, said to her mother, `What shall I ask for myself?' and she said, `The head of John the Baptist;'

25And she came in straightway with haste unto the king, and asked, saying, I will that thou forthwith give me on a platter the head of John the Baptist.

25At once the girl hurried back to the king with her request: “I want you to give me the head of John the Baptist on a platter immediately.”

25And immediately going in with haste to the king, she asked saying, I desire that thou give me directly upon a dish the head of John the baptist.

25Then she came in straightway with haste vnto the King, and asked, saying, I would that thou shouldest giue me euen now in a charger the head of Iohn Baptist.

25And she came in straightway with haste unto the king, and asked, saying, I will that thou give me by and by in a charger the head of John the Baptist.

25She came in immediately with haste to the king, and asked, “I want you to give me right now the head of John the Baptizer on a platter.”

25and having come in immediately with haste unto the king, she asked, saying, `I will that thou mayest give me presently, upon a plate, the head of John the Baptist.'

26And the king was exceeding sorry; but for the sake of his oaths, and of them that sat at meat, he would not reject her.

26The king was consumed with sorrow, but because of his oaths and his guests, he did not want to refuse her.

26And the king, [while] made very sorry, on account of the oaths and those lying at table with [him] would not break his word with her.

26Then the King was very sory: yet for his othes sake, and for their sakes which sate at table with him, he would not refuse her.

26And the king was exceeding sorry; yet for his oath’s sake, and for their sakes which sat with him, he would not reject her.

26The king was exceedingly sorry, but for the sake of his oaths, and of his dinner guests, he didn’t wish to refuse her.

26And the king--made very sorrowful--because of the oaths and of those reclining (at meat) with him, would not put her away,

27And straightway the king sent forth a soldier of his guard, and commanded to bring his head: and he went and beheaded him in the prison,

27So without delay, the king commanded that John’s head be brought in. He sent an executioner, who went and beheaded him in the prison.

27And immediately the king, having sent one of the guard, ordered his head to be brought. And he went out and beheaded him in the prison,

27And immediatly the King sent the hangman, and gaue charge that his head shoulde be brought in. So he went and beheaded him in the prison,

27And immediately the king sent an executioner, and commanded his head to be brought: and he went and beheaded him in the prison,

27Immediately the king sent out a soldier of his guard, and commanded to bring John’s head, and he went and beheaded him in the prison,

27and immediately the king having sent a guardsman, did command his head to be brought,

28and brought his head on a platter, and gave it to the damsel; and the damsel gave it to her mother.

28The man brought John’s head on a platter and presented it to the girl, who gave it to her mother.

28and brought his head upon a dish, and gave it to the damsel, and the damsel gave it to her mother.

28And brought his head in a charger, and gaue it to the maide, and the maide gaue it to her mother.

28And brought his head in a charger, and gave it to the damsel: and the damsel gave it to her mother.

28and brought his head on a platter, and gave it to the young lady; and the young lady gave it to her mother.

28and he having gone, beheaded him in the prison, and brought his head upon a plate, and did give it to the damsel, and the damsel did give it to her mother;

29And when his disciples heard thereof, they came and took up his corpse, and laid it in a tomb.

29When John’s disciples heard about this, they came and took his body and placed it in a tomb.

29And his disciples having heard [it], came and took up his body, and laid it in a tomb.

29And when his disciples heard it, they came and tooke vp his body, and put it in a tombe.

29And when his disciples heard of it, they came and took up his corpse, and laid it in a tomb.

29When his disciples heard this, they came and took up his corpse, and laid it in a tomb.

29and having heard, his disciples came and took up his corpse, and laid it in the tomb.

JOSEPHUS

Antiquities 18.5.2→

2. Now some of the Jews thought that the destruction of Herod's army came from God, and that very justly, as a punishment of what he did against John, that was called the Baptist: for Herod slew him, who was a good man, and commanded the Jews to exercise virtue, both as to righteousness towards one another, and piety towards God, and so to come to baptism; for that the washing [with water] would be acceptable to him, if they made use of it, not in order to the putting away [or the remission] of some sins [only], but for the purification of the body; supposing still that the soul was thoroughly purified beforehand by righteousness. Now when [many] others came in crowds about him, for they were very greatly moved [or pleased] by hearing his words, Herod, who feared lest the great influence John had over the people might put it into his power and inclination to raise a rebellion, [for they seemed ready to do any thing he should advise,] thought it best, by putting him to death, to prevent any mischief he might cause, and not bring himself into difficulties, by sparing a man who might make him repent of it when it would be too late. Accordingly he was sent a prisoner, out of Herod's suspicious temper, to Macherus, the castle I before mentioned, and was there put to death. Now the Jews had an opinion that the destruction of this army was sent as a punishment upon Herod, and a mark of God's displeasure to him.

The Works of Flavius Josephus, translated by William Whiston (1737). Public domain. Text prepared from the Project Gutenberg transcriptions, ebooks 2848, 2850, 2849 and 2846.