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1 Samuel 29

the first book of samuel
Samuel (with Nathan and Gad contributing) · c. 1010 BC
Chapter the Twenty-ninth
Now the Philistines gathered together all their armies to Aphek: and the Israelites pitched by a fountain which is in Jezreel.
And the lords of the Philistines passed on by hundreds, and by thousands: but David and his men passed on in the rereward with Achish.
Then said the princes of the Philistines, What do these Hebrews here? And Achish said unto the princes of the Philistines, Is not this David, the servant of Saul the king of Israel, which hath been with me these days, or these years, and I have found no fault in him since he fell unto me unto this day?
And the princes of the Philistines were wroth with him; and the princes of the Philistines said unto him, Make this fellow return, that he may go again to his place which thou hast appointed him, and let him not go down with us to battle, lest in the battle he be an adversary to us: for wherewith should he reconcile himself unto his master? should it not be with the heads of these men?
Is not this David, of whom they sang one to another in dances, saying, Saul slew his thousands, and David his ten thousands?
Then Achish called David, and said unto him, Surely, as the LORD liveth, thou hast been upright, and thy going out and thy coming in with me in the host is good in my sight: for I have not found evil in thee since the day of thy coming unto me unto this day: nevertheless the lords favour thee not.
Wherefore now return, and go in peace, that thou displease not the lords of the Philistines.
And David said unto Achish, But what have I done? and what hast thou found in thy servant so long as I have been with thee unto this day, that I may not go fight against the enemies of my lord the king?
And Achish answered and said to David, I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God: notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said, He shall not go up with us to the battle.
Wherefore now rise up early in the morning with thy master’s servants that are come with thee: and as soon as ye be up early in the morning, and have light, depart.
So David and his men rose up early to depart in the morning, to return into the land of the Philistines. And the Philistines went up to Jezreel.
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Chuck Smith on 1 Samuel 29

Verse by verse, the C2000 series. Permission granted by The Word For Today.
Verses 1-10 Now the Philistines gathered together all their armies to Aphek: and the Israelites pitched by a fountain which is in Jezreel. [Which is the area of Armageddon, actually it's the whole plains of Megiddo, Jezreel, Israel on, they all come together.] The lords of the Philistines passed on by the hundreds, and by the thousands: but David and his men passed in the rereward with Achish. And then said the princes of the Philistines, What are these Hebrews doing here? And Achish said unto the princes of the Philistines, Is this not David, the servant of Saul the king of Israel, which has been with me for these days, or rather years, and I've found no fault in him since the day that he came unto me to this day? And the princes of the Philistines were angry with him; and the princes of the Philistines said to him, Hey make this fellow get out of here, that he may go again to his place which you have appointed him, and let him not go down with us to battle, lest in the midst of the battle he returned [actually] and he be reconciled to his master? and then he'll turn against us? Is not this the David, of whom they sang, that he has killed his tens of thousands? So Achish called David, and he said to him, Surely as the Lord lives, you have been upright, and your going out and your coming in with me in the host is good in my sight: for I have not found evil in thee since the day that you've come to me: nevertheless the lords of the Philistines do not favor you. Now return, and go in peace, that you displease not the lords of the Philistines. David said, What have I done? and what have you found in your servant so long as I have been with thee this day, that I may not go and fight against the enemies of my lord the king? Achish answered and said to David, I know that you are good in my sight, as an angel of God: notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said, He shall not go up with us to battle. Now get up early in the morning, and as soon as it gets light, take off ( 1 Samuel 29:1-10 ). So David here really was divinely protected from God, as I see it, from fighting against Saul and Jonathan, and those of his own friends and all that were there. God preserved him from this fighting against Israel. So David and his men got up and they returned ( 1 Samuel 29:11 ). "

Commentary on 1 Samuel 29

Whosoever Will · the Seven Threads Commentary

1 Samuel 29:1

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:2

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:3

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:4

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:5

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:6

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:7

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:8

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:9

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:10

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17

1 Samuel 29:11

The years between David's anointing and his coronation are the years of the fugitive: hunted by Saul, protected by Jonathan, living in caves and among Israel's enemies. The contrast runs through the whole final section of 1 Samuel: the LORD was with David and had departed from Saul. Jonathan is the sacrifice that the story requires. As Saul's eldest son he is the natural heir to his father's throne. He knows David has been anointed. He makes a covenant with David: gives him his robe, his armor, his sword, his bow, his belt. He strips himself of everything that marks him as crown prince and gives it to the man God has chosen instead. The soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David. Saul's descent is the mirror. He throws a spear at David twice. He sends him into dangerous battle hoping the Philistines will kill him. He pursues him through the wilderness of Ziph and En-gedi. Twice David has Saul in his power and refuses to strike. The LORD's anointed, he says, cannot be touched by my hand. The restraint is not weakness; it is faith that the throne does not need to be seized, only received. Thread 3 is the long wait for what the anointing guaranteed: Thread 3 operating across time, through suffering, to its appointed arrival. Thread 4 is David's genuine choices not to take the throne by force even when he could. Thread 1 is in Jonathan's selfless covenant love, the God who cannot stop reaching using the love of a friend to protect the anointed king through the years when the kingdom had not yet come.
The LORD was with David and was departed from Saul. The two sentences side by side describe the dispensational shift that the anointing enacted; Saul has the throne but not the Spirit; David has the Spirit but not yet the throne.
וְנֶפֶשׁ יְהוֹנָתָן נִקְשְׁרָה בְּנֶפֶשׁ דָּוִד (ve-nefesh Yehonatan niqsherah be-nefesh David): the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David: niqsherah (was knit, bound, Niphal of qashar, to bind, tie together; the binding is complete and passive, it happened to Jonathan's soul; the covenant friendship that follows is one of the most extraordinary in the OT, a model of selfless love that sacrifices dynastic ambition for genuine covenant loyalty)
threads t1 · t3 · t4 · see 1 Samuel 20:17 · 1 Samuel 26:9-11 · Proverbs 17:17
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